Close versus open system policy

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CLOSED/OPEN SYSTEM

     This is a system of administration that does not allow interaction or criticism from the internal or external environment. A person that runs a closed system of administration always like to prevent citizens from making input into administrative mechanism in order to avoid excess demand or rational decision. And if they (citizens) succeed in making input there may be no output for them. This system of administration is usually run by an authoritarian supreme ruler whose belief is that, the citizens are inept, clumsy, irrational and incompetent to make or give any useful advice in the management of the state. This system opposes the tenets of democratic-participatory model. On the contrary, Open system is the direct opposite of closed system. Written by Eze Andrew O

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