What is Plagiarism?
Plagiarism
As stated in the sixth edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA, 2010), researchers do not claim the words and ideas of another as their own; they give credit where credit is due (APA Ethics Code Standard 8.11). Inline with APA, quotation marks should be used to indicate the exact words of another. Each time you paraphrase another author (i.e., summarize a passage or rearrange the order of a sentence and change some of the words), you need to credit the source in the text.
Example:
According to Nnamani (2009:69) dependency could be "a situation in which the less developed countries (LDCs) have to rely on developed economies and international economic policy to stimulate their own economic growth”. Or in this order: Dependency could be "a situation in which the less developed countries (LDCs) have to rely on developed economies and international economic policy to stimulate their own economic growth” (Nnamani, 2009:69).
The key element of this principle is that authors do not present the work of another as if it were their own work. And even if you are copying and citing the sources the principle of fear use must be adhere to.
Self-plagiarism
Author can be sued for self-plagiarism. That is, for copying his own previous work without giving credit to himself. According to APA Manual, just as researchers do not present the work of others as their own, they do not present their own previously published work as new scholarship.
Although, there are limited circumstances under which authors may wish to duplicate without given credit their previously used words (APA, 2010).
As stated in the sixth edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA, 2010), researchers do not claim the words and ideas of another as their own; they give credit where credit is due (APA Ethics Code Standard 8.11). Inline with APA, quotation marks should be used to indicate the exact words of another. Each time you paraphrase another author (i.e., summarize a passage or rearrange the order of a sentence and change some of the words), you need to credit the source in the text.
Example:
According to Nnamani (2009:69) dependency could be "a situation in which the less developed countries (LDCs) have to rely on developed economies and international economic policy to stimulate their own economic growth”. Or in this order: Dependency could be "a situation in which the less developed countries (LDCs) have to rely on developed economies and international economic policy to stimulate their own economic growth” (Nnamani, 2009:69).
The key element of this principle is that authors do not present the work of another as if it were their own work. And even if you are copying and citing the sources the principle of fear use must be adhere to.
Self-plagiarism
Author can be sued for self-plagiarism. That is, for copying his own previous work without giving credit to himself. According to APA Manual, just as researchers do not present the work of others as their own, they do not present their own previously published work as new scholarship.
Although, there are limited circumstances under which authors may wish to duplicate without given credit their previously used words (APA, 2010).
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