What is a Research Design? by Ofor-Ofor

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Research Design

As articulated in the sixth edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA, 2010), style involves no inherent right or wrong. It is merely a conventional way of presenting information that is designed to ease communication. Research designs have different reporting needs associated with them.

Literally, design simply means to draw, lay out or plan on how to do something. According to Ezeh (2011:68), research design “is the plan, structure and strategy of investigation conceived so as to obtain answers to research questions through which the problem of the study could be addressed”. It is a blue print of the study.

A research design guides the researcher in the process of collecting, analyzing, interpreting and observing data. That is why Ezeh affirms that “it specifies the methods and procedures for acquiring the information needed to structure and solve the research problem” (Ezeh 2011:68). A good research design should be able to stipulate what information is to be collected, from what sources, and by what procedures.

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